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- Tijdens, K.G., Besamusca, J., Asteraye, N. (2013). Wages in the food chain in Ethiopia: WageIndicator survey 2013. Amsterdam: WageIndicator Foundation, Wage Indicator Data Report October 2013 (EN)
Summary:
This WageIndicator Data Report presents the results of the face-to-face WageIndicator survey in Ethiopia, conducted between the 2rd of March and the 20th of May 2013 in all provinces of Ethiopia. In total 2,126 persons were interviewed; 53% were men, 47% women and 48% were under 30 years of age. The workers in the survey live in households with on average 3 members, including themselves. Nearly five in ten men (45%) as well as nearly four in ten women (38%) live without either a partner or children. Just 3% of workers followed no formal education, 8% stopped at elementary education, 17% has secondary education and 10% university degrees. Rating satisfaction with life-as-a-whole on a scale from 1=dissatisfied to 10=satisfied, respondents score a 6.0 on average.
Almost one in five respondents work in education and research, followed by one in eight in public administration, including police and interest groups and one in eight in the financial services, banking and insurance (19% respectively 13% and 12%). This report focuses on workers in the food chain. All agricultural workers are by definition in the food chain, as well as one out of three workers in manufacturing industry works in food manufacturing. More than one in four in the wholesale and retail industry is employed in the food chain, whereas this is the case for almost one in four for transportation and storage. Finally, in accommodation and food service activities, this is two in three.
Almost three in ten workers in the sample are professionals, predominantly teachers or business and administration professionals. Two in ten are service and sales workers. Workers in the food chain are heavily overrepresented in this occupational category. Almost one in five work as clerical support workers. Workers in the food chain are underrepresented in this category. Sizeable groups of respondents work in the craft and related trades workers category, male workers and workers in the food chain are slightly overrepresented here. Women much more often work as clerical support worker (27% versus 16% for men), while men are overrepresented among craft and related trades workers (12% respectively 4%).
In the sample, 12% of the workers are self-employed. Six in ten workers are employees with a permanent contract, two in ten workers have fixed-term contracts, whereas 8% have no contract at all. Three in ten workers state that they have no agreed working hours (29%). 83% of employees report receive their wage on time and six in ten workers receive their wage cash in hand.